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Contents

Major Assignment: Gender Issues in Video Games

e.boal@student.qut.edu.au




  1. Increasing Numbers of Women Playing Video Games
  2. Representations of Women in Video Games
  3. Case Study Bikini Vs. Baggy Pants
  4. The Social Component of Video Games
  5. Advertising Opportunities in Online Video Games



Videogames


Annotated Bibliography

Topic: New Online Entertainment- gambling on the Internet

Jones, Steven. (1995) “Cybersociety: Computer-Mediated Communication and Community� California.: Sage Publications.

Cybersociety is a book that examines the vast social changes in our society due to computer culture and network mediated communication. Cybersociety explains the information age and how there is a sense of community online. Computer mediated interaction is unlike ‘face to face’ interaction. Computer networks enable people to move instantaneously from one conversation to the next. The book contains a number of different authors who focus on various aspects of these cultural and societal changes. Definitions of unfamiliar terms are found throughout the book to help the reader follow new concepts.


Rifkin, Jeremy. (2000) “The Age of Access� England.: Penguin Books.

This book discovers ‘How the shift from ownership to access is transforming modern life’. The book discusses the role of ‘property’ and how it is radically changing in the Modern Age. Rifkin introduces the idea that everything is a service and warns his readers of the dangers of the technologically advanced society. The book contains strong and influential ideas about the age of access, the weightless economy and the new culture of capitalism.


Karamjit, Gill. (1996) “Information Society� London. : Springer- Verlag London limited.

Information Society mainly focuses on the presence of information and communication technologies in society. The book provides theoretical analysis on, information, communication and new media. It also discusses ethics and postmodernism in the information society. Karamjit stresses that the information society is not linked to the ownership of information but to the human creativity developed from this information. He mentions that the human brain and a person’s creativity is becoming the productive force of the future. Karamjit uses various authors in his book to confirm this key idea.


Gerbner, George., Mowlana, Hamid., Schiller, Herbert. (1996) “Invisible Crises� Oxford. :Westview Press.

This book gives its readers a belief that the world we live in contains invisible crises unknown to us that threaten democracy and existence. According to Invisible Crises, the crises that exist are due to the neglect of public education and the arts. The book mainly uses the United States for examples, however, the ideas relate well to the rest of the world as well. This book has radical views on the mass media and its powerful force over society. The book is often ‘far fetched’ yet it raises many important issues concerning the state of society and the dangers we are yet to face.

Sudweeks, Fay., Mclaughlin, Margaret., Rafaeli, Sheizaf. (1998). “Network and Netplay�. Menlo Park. : American Association for Artificial Intelligence.

Network and Netplay mainly focuses on the advancement of the Internet and virtual groups on the Internet is heavily discussed. The book answers questions such as, how the Internet has expanded interpersonal relationships and how the Internet has changed the sociology of knowledge, social control, manufacturing, consumption, ownership and storage of information. The book uses 15 essays from numerous authors to discuss the World Wide Web, the global neighbourhood that have formed, and the technology that created the social convergence. Definitions, tables and questionnaires are included to help readers understand the main concepts of the book.


Pavlik, John. (1996). “New Media Technology� Needham Heights. : Allyn and Bacon.

This book is a good start when studying new media, new media technologies and communication theories. Pavlik recognises that technology, including hardware and software, is ever changing. In the book he outlines the world of new media technology in the present but also reflects back on the past. Pavlik starts with a general overview of the new media industry and then focuses on different aspects of these industries, such as concepts of cyber space, regulations, cultural consequences and the age of access. The book is broad in scope yet it contains extensive statistical data and relevant case studies.


Bray, H. (2004).“More Gambling Novices, Pros ante up with Rapid Growth of online Casinos�, : Boston Globe, Pg.D1, [Online] Available://proquest.umi.com.gateway.library.qut.edu.au/

This journal article has a positive stance on online gambling. It mentions many advantages of online gaming as opposed to gambling at a casino. These include, small businesses can make a profit, people can use it if they don’t live near a casino, experienced gamblers have a good chance at making a substantial profit, there are free games that people can play just for fun, and the environment is not ‘sleazy’ like a real casino. An experienced online gambler is quoted throughout the article defending online gambling. The article however, does mention the concerns for gambling online and the government interventions to keep it safe. The WTO’s ruling is discussed and the article concludes with a powerful statement, “The world doesn’t move as fast as the Internet does�.


Tresniowski, A., Arias, R., Morrison, M., Billups, A. (2003). “Gambling Online�.: People, Vol.60, Iss.15, [Online] Available://proquest.umi.com.gateway.library.qut.edu.au/


People’s Gambling online article has a negative stance on online gambling. The articles theme is how to get deep into debt without leaving your living room. It uses a couple from Dublin as an example of how people can get sucked into online gambling. The couple are solid middle- class parents who log on to the sites every night and play blackjack, roulette and slots clicking away their savings. The article quotes shocking statistics such as the gambling online industry is expected to rake in as much as $6 billion worldwide this year. The gambling sites operate like video games and have a ‘fun feel’ to them. The article points out that the high speed, flashy, alluring websites are ingredients to addictive behaviour and could even attract children. The article warns its readers constantly of the dangers of online gambling and fails to mention any advantages.


Anonymous. (1999). “Gamblers in Cyberspace�. : The Futurist, Vol. 33, Iss.8 [Online] Available://proquest.umi.com.gateway.library.qut.edu.au

This article mainly focuses on the regulation of the Internet and how it is almost impossible for the government to control and enforce laws on Internet gambling. A law professor Tom W. Bell is quoted throughout the article saying, if the government ties to shut down the Internet gambling sites, those businesses operating the sites will move their operations to other countries where online gambling is legal. American statistics are used to show how much money they are gambling online and this is then compared to lottery tickets sold. Bell points out that the Internet is always changing and offering new ways to satisfy the age-old human desire to gamble. Consumer demand for online gambling is increasing, technology is making it easier for businesses, and this is generating political pressure for legislation.


Schwartz, D. (2003). “A virtual Pandora’s box
What cyberspace gambling prohibition means to terrestrial casino operators�. : UNLV Gaming Research & Review Journal, Vol. 7, Iss.1[Online] Available://proquest.umi.com.gateway.library.qut.edu.au

In this article, Coordinator of the Gaming Studies Research Centre at UNLV, David Schwartz shares his thoughts about Internet gaming. Schwartz introduces his article by discussing how the Internet is an essential part of everyday life and business. However, the Internet has brought challenges such as online gambling. Through out the article Schwartz raises questions such as, should online gambling be permitted?, How should it be regulated?, If it is banned would that be going against the historically market driven economy?, If it is banned on the Internet, should it be banned anywhere? The article uses statistics, case studies, and strong arguments for and against legislation on Internet gambling.


Anonymous. (2004). “Gamcare call industry to keep uner-18s off gambling sites�. : New Media Age, Pg.15 [Online] Available://proquest.umi.com.gateway.library.qut.edu.au

This article is related to the UK’s GamCare, which is a charity that deals with gambling. In the article GamCare criticise new media firms for not taking underage gambling seriously. They admit that it can be tricky for gambling sites to keep a tight control on the age of their customers. However, underage gambling online is an important issue that is not being addressed. After the article makes these claims it begs the question for the industry as a whole, How do you keep underage users from getting onto the sites in the first place? GamCare offer solutions such as, raise more awareness of the issue, educate people on the issue and get the parents to pay more attention.

Anonymous. (2001). “Money Laundering Online�. : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, Iss.225 [Online] Available://proquest.umi.com.gateway.library.qut.edu.au

This article takes a different look at the misuse of Internet gambling. It mentions that criminals who need to launder their illgotten gains are using Internet casinos. The article states that some criminals are using online gambling as a cover for money laundering over the Internet. The article includes information on a report by the Financial Action Task Force, which suggests that Internet gambling is difficult to track money movements and therefore criminals are using it as a way to cover money laundering. Although, the article is short, it shows a very important issue to do with the challenges of Internet gambling.


Timmons, H., Richtel, M. (2001). “Gambling Sites offering Ways to Let Any User Be the Bookie�.: New York Times, PgC.1[Online] Available://proquest.umi.com.gateway.library.qut.edu.au

The New York Times focuses on a new type of gambling method over the Internet. ‘Betfair’ allow sport gamblers to wager not against the house but directly against each other. The article suggests that the Internet is changing how gambling is conducted and this popular new game is letting individuals set the terms of their won own wager. The New York Times present this new way of betting in a positive light. It is seen to many as a cheaper way to bet, can be peer to peer betting and the experienced people can benefit. However, the service is not free and takes a small proportion of the winners earnings. The article then goes on to discuss tax and betting exchanges and concludes with a quote, stating, “Gambling is the only industry of this size that hasn’t yet used technology to make the market more efficient.�

Robertson, H.(2001). “Going Bananas�.: Phi Delta Kappan, Vol.38, Iss.3[Online] Available://proquest.umi.com.gateway.library.qut.edu.au

Robertson discusses the national studies ‘Young Canadians in a Wired World’ and criticises it for ignoring the issues of plagiarism, online gambling and porn sites on the Internet. This opinionated article states that the two surveys suggested that youths and their parents have very different ideas about life online. The article states statistics found from parents and children from the survey and compares them. Robertson suggest that the studies did not ask challenging questions about controversial topics such as gambling online and therefore the studies did not really indicate the truth about youths and the Internet.

Wilson, C., Cantos, L., Porcelli, N., Selby, S.(2000). “Bill introduced to prohibit use of credit cards and checks for Internet gambling�. : Intellectual property and Technology Law Journal, Vol.13, Iss.10[Online] Available://proquest.umi.com.gateway.library.qut.edu.au

This article introduces the Internet Gabling Payments Prohibition Act 2001 in the US and discusses the proposed legislation. The legislation found that Internet gambling is a major cause of debt and it has significant money laundering vulnerability. The article states what the Bill does not permit and it provides information on the penalties. The article is a formal summary of the Legislation.

(Ellen Boal 07:39, 13 Aug 2004 (EST))Ellen Boal(Ellen Boal 07:39, 13 Aug 2004 (EST))

Annotated Bibliography

Topic: New Online Entertainment- gambling on the Internet

Jones, Steven. (1995) “Cybersociety: Computer-Mediated Communication and Community� California.: Sage Publications.

Cybersociety is a book that examines the vast social changes in our society due to computer culture and network mediated communication. Cybersociety explains the information age and how there is a sense of community online. Computer mediated interaction is unlike ‘face to face’ interaction. Computer networks enable people to move instantaneously from one conversation to the next. The book contains a number of different authors who focus on various aspects of these cultural and societal changes. Definitions of unfamiliar terms are found throughout the book to help the reader follow new concepts.


Rifkin, Jeremy. (2000) “The Age of Access� England.: Penguin Books.

This book discovers ‘How the shift from ownership to access is transforming modern life’. The book discusses the role of ‘property’ and how it is radically changing in the Modern Age. Rifkin introduces the idea that everything is a service and warns his readers of the dangers of the technologically advanced society. The book contains strong and influential ideas about the age of access, the weightless economy and the new culture of capitalism.


Karamjit, Gill. (1996) “Information Society� London. : Springer- Verlag London limited.

Information Society mainly focuses on the presence of information and communication technologies in society. The book provides theoretical analysis on, information, communication and new media. It also discusses ethics and postmodernism in the information society. Karamjit stresses that the information society is not linked to the ownership of information but to the human creativity developed from this information. He mentions that the human brain and a person’s creativity is becoming the productive force of the future. Karamjit uses various authors in his book to confirm this key idea.


Gerbner, George., Mowlana, Hamid., Schiller, Herbert. (1996) “Invisible Crises� Oxford. :Westview Press.

This book gives its readers a belief that the world we live in contains invisible crises unknown to us that threaten democracy and existence. According to Invisible Crises, the crises that exist are due to the neglect of public education and the arts. The book mainly uses the United States for examples, however, the ideas relate well to the rest of the world as well. This book has radical views on the mass media and its powerful force over society. The book is often ‘far fetched’ yet it raises many important issues concerning the state of society and the dangers we are yet to face.

Sudweeks, Fay., Mclaughlin, Margaret., Rafaeli, Sheizaf. (1998). “Network and Netplay�. Menlo Park. : American Association for Artificial Intelligence.

Network and Netplay mainly focuses on the advancement of the Internet and virtual groups on the Internet is heavily discussed. The book answers questions such as, how the Internet has expanded interpersonal relationships and how the Internet has changed the sociology of knowledge, social control, manufacturing, consumption, ownership and storage of information. The book uses 15 essays from numerous authors to discuss the World Wide Web, the global neighbourhood that have formed, and the technology that created the social convergence. Definitions, tables and questionnaires are included to help readers understand the main concepts of the book.


Pavlik, John. (1996). “New Media Technology� Needham Heights. : Allyn and Bacon.

This book is a good start when studying new media, new media technologies and communication theories. Pavlik recognises that technology, including hardware and software, is ever changing. In the book he outlines the world of new media technology in the present but also reflects back on the past. Pavlik starts with a general overview of the new media industry and then focuses on different aspects of these industries, such as concepts of cyber space, regulations, cultural consequences and the age of access. The book is broad in scope yet it contains extensive statistical data and relevant case studies.


Bray, H. (2004).“More Gambling Novices, Pros ante up with Rapid Growth of online Casinos�, : Boston Globe, Pg.D1, [Online] Available://proquest.umi.com.gateway.library.qut.edu.au/

This journal article has a positive stance on online gambling. It mentions many advantages of online gaming as opposed to gambling at a casino. These include, small businesses can make a profit, people can use it if they don’t live near a casino, experienced gamblers have a good chance at making a substantial profit, there are free games that people can play just for fun, and the environment is not ‘sleazy’ like a real casino. An experienced online gambler is quoted throughout the article defending online gambling. The article however, does mention the concerns for gambling online and the government interventions to keep it safe. The WTO’s ruling is discussed and the article concludes with a powerful statement, “The world doesn’t move as fast as the Internet does�.


Tresniowski, A., Arias, R., Morrison, M., Billups, A. (2003). “Gambling Online�.: People, Vol.60, Iss.15, [Online] Available://proquest.umi.com.gateway.library.qut.edu.au/


People’s Gambling online article has a negative stance on online gambling. The articles theme is how to get deep into debt without leaving your living room. It uses a couple from Dublin as an example of how people can get sucked into online gambling. The couple are solid middle- class parents who log on to the sites every night and play blackjack, roulette and slots clicking away their savings. The article quotes shocking statistics such as the gambling online industry is expected to rake in as much as $6 billion worldwide this year. The gambling sites operate like video games and have a ‘fun feel’ to them. The article points out that the high speed, flashy, alluring websites are ingredients to addictive behaviour and could even attract children. The article warns its readers constantly of the dangers of online gambling and fails to mention any advantages.


Anonymous. (1999). “Gamblers in Cyberspace�. : The Futurist, Vol. 33, Iss.8 [Online] Available://proquest.umi.com.gateway.library.qut.edu.au

This article mainly focuses on the regulation of the Internet and how it is almost impossible for the government to control and enforce laws on Internet gambling. A law professor Tom W. Bell is quoted throughout the article saying, if the government ties to shut down the Internet gambling sites, those businesses operating the sites will move their operations to other countries where online gambling is legal. American statistics are used to show how much money they are gambling online and this is then compared to lottery tickets sold. Bell points out that the Internet is always changing and offering new ways to satisfy the age-old human desire to gamble. Consumer demand for online gambling is increasing, technology is making it easier for businesses, and this is generating political pressure for legislation.


Schwartz, D. (2003). “A virtual Pandora’s box
What cyberspace gambling prohibition means to terrestrial casino operators�. : UNLV Gaming Research & Review Journal, Vol. 7, Iss.1[Online] Available://proquest.umi.com.gateway.library.qut.edu.au

In this article, Coordinator of the Gaming Studies Research Centre at UNLV, David Schwartz shares his thoughts about Internet gaming. Schwartz introduces his article by discussing how the Internet is an essential part of everyday life and business. However, the Internet has brought challenges such as online gambling. Through out the article Schwartz raises questions such as, should online gambling be permitted?, How should it be regulated?, If it is banned would that be going against the historically market driven economy?, If it is banned on the Internet, should it be banned anywhere? The article uses statistics, case studies, and strong arguments for and against legislation on Internet gambling.


Anonymous. (2004). “Gamcare call industry to keep uner-18s off gambling sites�. : New Media Age, Pg.15 [Online] Available://proquest.umi.com.gateway.library.qut.edu.au

This article is related to the UK’s GamCare, which is a charity that deals with gambling. In the article GamCare criticise new media firms for not taking underage gambling seriously. They admit that it can be tricky for gambling sites to keep a tight control on the age of their customers. However, underage gambling online is an important issue that is not being addressed. After the article makes these claims it begs the question for the industry as a whole, How do you keep underage users from getting onto the sites in the first place? GamCare offer solutions such as, raise more awareness of the issue, educate people on the issue and get the parents to pay more attention.

Anonymous. (2001). “Money Laundering Online�. : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, Iss.225 [Online] Available://proquest.umi.com.gateway.library.qut.edu.au

This article takes a different look at the misuse of Internet gambling. It mentions that criminals who need to launder their illgotten gains are using Internet casinos. The article states that some criminals are using online gambling as a cover for money laundering over the Internet. The article includes information on a report by the Financial Action Task Force, which suggests that Internet gambling is difficult to track money movements and therefore criminals are using it as a way to cover money laundering. Although, the article is short, it shows a very important issue to do with the challenges of Internet gambling.


Timmons, H., Richtel, M. (2001). “Gambling Sites offering Ways to Let Any User Be the Bookie�.: New York Times, PgC.1[Online] Available://proquest.umi.com.gateway.library.qut.edu.au

The New York Times focuses on a new type of gambling method over the Internet. ‘Betfair’ allow sport gamblers to wager not against the house but directly against each other. The article suggests that the Internet is changing how gambling is conducted and this popular new game is letting individuals set the terms of their won own wager. The New York Times present this new way of betting in a positive light. It is seen to many as a cheaper way to bet, can be peer to peer betting and the experienced people can benefit. However, the service is not free and takes a small proportion of the winners earnings. The article then goes on to discuss tax and betting exchanges and concludes with a quote, stating, “Gambling is the only industry of this size that hasn’t yet used technology to make the market more efficient.�

Robertson, H.(2001). “Going Bananas�.: Phi Delta Kappan, Vol.38, Iss.3[Online] Available://proquest.umi.com.gateway.library.qut.edu.au

Robertson discusses the national studies ‘Young Canadians in a Wired World’ and criticises it for ignoring the issues of plagiarism, online gambling and porn sites on the Internet. This opinionated article states that the two surveys suggested that youths and their parents have very different ideas about life online. The article states statistics found from parents and children from the survey and compares them. Robertson suggest that the studies did not ask challenging questions about controversial topics such as gambling online and therefore the studies did not really indicate the truth about youths and the Internet.

Wilson, C., Cantos, L., Porcelli, N., Selby, S.(2000). “Bill introduced to prohibit use of credit cards and checks for Internet gambling�. : Intellectual property and Technology Law Journal, Vol.13, Iss.10[Online] Available://proquest.umi.com.gateway.library.qut.edu.au

This article introduces the Internet Gabling Payments Prohibition Act 2001 in the US and discusses the proposed legislation. The legislation found that Internet gambling is a major cause of debt and it has significant money laundering vulnerability. The article states what the Bill does not permit and it provides information on the penalties. The article is a formal summary of the Legislation.

(Ellen Boal 07:39, 13 Aug 2004 (EST))Ellen Boal(Ellen Boal 07:39, 13 Aug 2004 (EST))

Annotated Bibliography

Topic: New Online Entertainment- gambling on the Internet

Jones, Steven. (1995) “Cybersociety: Computer-Mediated Communication and Community� California.: Sage Publications.

Cybersociety is a book that examines the vast social changes in our society due to computer culture and network mediated communication. Cybersociety explains the information age and how there is a sense of community online. Computer mediated interaction is unlike ‘face to face’ interaction. Computer networks enable people to move instantaneously from one conversation to the next. The book contains a number of different authors who focus on various aspects of these cultural and societal changes. Definitions of unfamiliar terms are found throughout the book to help the reader follow new concepts.


Rifkin, Jeremy. (2000) “The Age of Access� England.: Penguin Books.

This book discovers ‘How the shift from ownership to access is transforming modern life’. The book discusses the role of ‘property’ and how it is radically changing in the Modern Age. Rifkin introduces the idea that everything is a service and warns his readers of the dangers of the technologically advanced society. The book contains strong and influential ideas about the age of access, the weightless economy and the new culture of capitalism.


Karamjit, Gill. (1996) “Information Society� London. : Springer- Verlag London limited.

Information Society mainly focuses on the presence of information and communication technologies in society. The book provides theoretical analysis on, information, communication and new media. It also discusses ethics and postmodernism in the information society. Karamjit stresses that the information society is not linked to the ownership of information but to the human creativity developed from this information. He mentions that the human brain and a person’s creativity is becoming the productive force of the future. Karamjit uses various authors in his book to confirm this key idea.


Gerbner, George., Mowlana, Hamid., Schiller, Herbert. (1996) “Invisible Crises� Oxford. :Westview Press.

This book gives its readers a belief that the world we live in contains invisible crises unknown to us that threaten democracy and existence. According to Invisible Crises, the crises that exist are due to the neglect of public education and the arts. The book mainly uses the United States for examples, however, the ideas relate well to the rest of the world as well. This book has radical views on the mass media and its powerful force over society. The book is often ‘far fetched’ yet it raises many important issues concerning the state of society and the dangers we are yet to face.

Sudweeks, Fay., Mclaughlin, Margaret., Rafaeli, Sheizaf. (1998). “Network and Netplay�. Menlo Park. : American Association for Artificial Intelligence.

Network and Netplay mainly focuses on the advancement of the Internet and virtual groups on the Internet is heavily discussed. The book answers questions such as, how the Internet has expanded interpersonal relationships and how the Internet has changed the sociology of knowledge, social control, manufacturing, consumption, ownership and storage of information. The book uses 15 essays from numerous authors to discuss the World Wide Web, the global neighbourhood that have formed, and the technology that created the social convergence. Definitions, tables and questionnaires are included to help readers understand the main concepts of the book.


Pavlik, John. (1996). “New Media Technology� Needham Heights. : Allyn and Bacon.

This book is a good start when studying new media, new media technologies and communication theories. Pavlik recognises that technology, including hardware and software, is ever changing. In the book he outlines the world of new media technology in the present but also reflects back on the past. Pavlik starts with a general overview of the new media industry and then focuses on different aspects of these industries, such as concepts of cyber space, regulations, cultural consequences and the age of access. The book is broad in scope yet it contains extensive statistical data and relevant case studies.


Bray, H. (2004).“More Gambling Novices, Pros ante up with Rapid Growth of online Casinos�, : Boston Globe, Pg.D1, [Online] Available://proquest.umi.com.gateway.library.qut.edu.au/

This journal article has a positive stance on online gambling. It mentions many advantages of online gaming as opposed to gambling at a casino. These include, small businesses can make a profit, people can use it if they don’t live near a casino, experienced gamblers have a good chance at making a substantial profit, there are free games that people can play just for fun, and the environment is not ‘sleazy’ like a real casino. An experienced online gambler is quoted throughout the article defending online gambling. The article however, does mention the concerns for gambling online and the government interventions to keep it safe. The WTO’s ruling is discussed and the article concludes with a powerful statement, “The world doesn’t move as fast as the Internet does�.


Tresniowski, A., Arias, R., Morrison, M., Billups, A. (2003). “Gambling Online�.: People, Vol.60, Iss.15, [Online] Available://proquest.umi.com.gateway.library.qut.edu.au/


People’s Gambling online article has a negative stance on online gambling. The articles theme is how to get deep into debt without leaving your living room. It uses a couple from Dublin as an example of how people can get sucked into online gambling. The couple are solid middle- class parents who log on to the sites every night and play blackjack, roulette and slots clicking away their savings. The article quotes shocking statistics such as the gambling online industry is expected to rake in as much as $6 billion worldwide this year. The gambling sites operate like video games and have a ‘fun feel’ to them. The article points out that the high speed, flashy, alluring websites are ingredients to addictive behaviour and could even attract children. The article warns its readers constantly of the dangers of online gambling and fails to mention any advantages.


Anonymous. (1999). “Gamblers in Cyberspace�. : The Futurist, Vol. 33, Iss.8 [Online] Available://proquest.umi.com.gateway.library.qut.edu.au

This article mainly focuses on the regulation of the Internet and how it is almost impossible for the government to control and enforce laws on Internet gambling. A law professor Tom W. Bell is quoted throughout the article saying, if the government ties to shut down the Internet gambling sites, those businesses operating the sites will move their operations to other countries where online gambling is legal. American statistics are used to show how much money they are gambling online and this is then compared to lottery tickets sold. Bell points out that the Internet is always changing and offering new ways to satisfy the age-old human desire to gamble. Consumer demand for online gambling is increasing, technology is making it easier for businesses, and this is generating political pressure for legislation.


Schwartz, D. (2003). “A virtual Pandora’s box
What cyberspace gambling prohibition means to terrestrial casino operators�. : UNLV Gaming Research & Review Journal, Vol. 7, Iss.1[Online] Available://proquest.umi.com.gateway.library.qut.edu.au

In this article, Coordinator of the Gaming Studies Research Centre at UNLV, David Schwartz shares his thoughts about Internet gaming. Schwartz introduces his article by discussing how the Internet is an essential part of everyday life and business. However, the Internet has brought challenges such as online gambling. Through out the article Schwartz raises questions such as, should online gambling be permitted?, How should it be regulated?, If it is banned would that be going against the historically market driven economy?, If it is banned on the Internet, should it be banned anywhere? The article uses statistics, case studies, and strong arguments for and against legislation on Internet gambling.


Anonymous. (2004). “Gamcare call industry to keep uner-18s off gambling sites�. : New Media Age, Pg.15 [Online] Available://proquest.umi.com.gateway.library.qut.edu.au

This article is related to the UK’s GamCare, which is a charity that deals with gambling. In the article GamCare criticise new media firms for not taking underage gambling seriously. They admit that it can be tricky for gambling sites to keep a tight control on the age of their customers. However, underage gambling online is an important issue that is not being addressed. After the article makes these claims it begs the question for the industry as a whole, How do you keep underage users from getting onto the sites in the first place? GamCare offer solutions such as, raise more awareness of the issue, educate people on the issue and get the parents to pay more attention.

Anonymous. (2001). “Money Laundering Online�. : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, Iss.225 [Online] Available://proquest.umi.com.gateway.library.qut.edu.au

This article takes a different look at the misuse of Internet gambling. It mentions that criminals who need to launder their illgotten gains are using Internet casinos. The article states that some criminals are using online gambling as a cover for money laundering over the Internet. The article includes information on a report by the Financial Action Task Force, which suggests that Internet gambling is difficult to track money movements and therefore criminals are using it as a way to cover money laundering. Although, the article is short, it shows a very important issue to do with the challenges of Internet gambling.


Timmons, H., Richtel, M. (2001). “Gambling Sites offering Ways to Let Any User Be the Bookie�.: New York Times, PgC.1[Online] Available://proquest.umi.com.gateway.library.qut.edu.au

The New York Times focuses on a new type of gambling method over the Internet. ‘Betfair’ allow sport gamblers to wager not against the house but directly against each other. The article suggests that the Internet is changing how gambling is conducted and this popular new game is letting individuals set the terms of their won own wager. The New York Times present this new way of betting in a positive light. It is seen to many as a cheaper way to bet, can be peer to peer betting and the experienced people can benefit. However, the service is not free and takes a small proportion of the winners earnings. The article then goes on to discuss tax and betting exchanges and concludes with a quote, stating, “Gambling is the only industry of this size that hasn’t yet used technology to make the market more efficient.�

Robertson, H.(2001). “Going Bananas�.: Phi Delta Kappan, Vol.38, Iss.3[Online] Available://proquest.umi.com.gateway.library.qut.edu.au

Robertson discusses the national studies ‘Young Canadians in a Wired World’ and criticises it for ignoring the issues of plagiarism, online gambling and porn sites on the Internet. This opinionated article states that the two surveys suggested that youths and their parents have very different ideas about life online. The article states statistics found from parents and children from the survey and compares them. Robertson suggest that the studies did not ask challenging questions about controversial topics such as gambling online and therefore the studies did not really indicate the truth about youths and the Internet.

Wilson, C., Cantos, L., Porcelli, N., Selby, S.(2000). “Bill introduced to prohibit use of credit cards and checks for Internet gambling�. : Intellectual property and Technology Law Journal, Vol.13, Iss.10[Online] Available://proquest.umi.com.gateway.library.qut.edu.au

This article introduces the Internet Gabling Payments Prohibition Act 2001 in the US and discusses the proposed legislation. The legislation found that Internet gambling is a major cause of debt and it has significant money laundering vulnerability. The article states what the Bill does not permit and it provides information on the penalties. The article is a formal summary of the Legislation.

(Ellen Boal 07:39, 13 Aug 2004 (EST))Ellen Boal(Ellen Boal 07:39, 13 Aug 2004 (EST))

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